What is the minimum gauge of copper conductors for electric water heaters?

The minimum gauge of copper conductors for electric water heaters is determined based on several factors, including the amperage draw of the water heater and the NEC (National Electrical Code) guidelines. In general, electric water heaters typically have a significant power consumption which necessitates using heavier gauge wire to safely handle the load without overheating or causing voltage drop.

In this context, a 10-AWG copper conductor is suitable for most residential electric water heaters. This gauge can handle a substantial amount of electrical current, making it ideal for the higher amperage requirements that water heaters often demand. Using a conductor that is too thin, such as 12-AWG or 14-AWG, may not be able to safely support the electric load of these appliances, which could lead to overheating, potential fire hazards, or tripped circuit breakers due to overload.

Thus, the choice of a 10-AWG copper conductor ensures safety and efficiency in the operation of electric water heaters, making it the appropriate choice for this application.